Here is the full list of all 33 Half-Life 2 achievements. It takes around 12-15 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Escape the apartment block raid.
Get the crowbar.
Kill five barnacles with one barrel.
Get the airboat's mounted gun.
Discover the hidden singing vortigaunt cave in chapter Water Hazard.
Destroy the hunter-chopper in Half-Life 2.
Find the HEV Suit Charger faceplate in Eli's scrapyard.
Get the Gravity Gun in Black Mesa East.
Disintegrate 15 soldiers by throwing them into a Combine ball field.
Survive the rooftop strider battle in the ruins of City 17.
Find all lambda caches in Half-Life 2.
Shut down the supression device by disabling its generators.
Kill all of the snipers in City 17.
Survive the generator plaza standoff in chapter Anticitizen One.
Get through the toxic tunnel under City 17 in Half-Life 2.
Kill an enemy with a toilet.
Cross the antlion beach in chapter Sandtraps without touching the sand.
Gain command of a squad of rebels in the uprising.
Survive the second turret standoff in Nova Prospekt.
Kill five enemies with a Manhack.
Destroy six gunships in Half-Life 2.
Use the antlions to kill 50 enemies.
Pin a soldier to the billboard in chapter Highway 17.
Kill 3 enemies using the crane.
Play through Ravenholm using only the Gravity Gun.
Use DOG's ball to make a basket in Eli's scrapyard.
Get the airboat.
Break the mini-teleporter in Kleiner's lab.