Here is the full list of all 33 Half-Life 2 achievements. It takes around 12-15 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Discover the hidden singing vortigaunt cave in chapter Water Hazard.
Escape the apartment block raid.
Get the crowbar.
Break the mini-teleporter in Kleiner's lab.
Kill five barnacles with one barrel.
Disintegrate 15 soldiers by throwing them into a Combine ball field.
Survive the rooftop strider battle in the ruins of City 17.
Destroy six gunships in Half-Life 2.
Shut down the supression device by disabling its generators.
Survive the generator plaza standoff in chapter Anticitizen One.
Get through the toxic tunnel under City 17 in Half-Life 2.
Gain command of a squad of rebels in the uprising.
Survive the second turret standoff in Nova Prospekt.
Use the antlions to kill 50 enemies.
Kill 3 enemies using the crane.
Get the Gravity Gun in Black Mesa East.
Find the HEV Suit Charger faceplate in Eli's scrapyard.
Destroy the hunter-chopper in Half-Life 2.
Get the airboat's mounted gun.
Get the airboat.
Use DOG's ball to make a basket in Eli's scrapyard.
Play through Ravenholm using only the Gravity Gun.
Pin a soldier to the billboard in chapter Highway 17.
Cross the antlion beach in chapter Sandtraps without touching the sand.
Kill an enemy with a toilet.
Kill all of the snipers in City 17.
Find all lambda caches in Half-Life 2.
Kill five enemies with a Manhack.