Here is the full list of all 37 Stranded Deep achievements. It takes around 60-80 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Survive for 100 days.
Escaped without using the compass.
Collect all sea monster trophies.
Craft 1 of each item on the same island.
Survive for 50 days.
Find all survivor remnants.
Craft the Gyro-copter.
Craft 100 item piles.
Craft 10 pieces of furniture using corrugated scrap.
Find Wolley.
Collect 1 sea monster trophy.
Create a camp (fire) on 10 distinct islands.
Have 1 of each farm crop planted on the same island.
Complete the intro tutorial.
Spent 10 days without eating meat.
Spend 10 days on one island.
Survive for 20 days.
Create a camp (fire) on 5 distinct islands.
Craft a Sleeping Bag.
Go 10 days without eating a fish.
Make a clay flask.
Craft the Hobo Stove.
Survive for 10 days.
Craft 20 tools.
Catch 10 fish with the fishing rod.
Plant your first farm plot.
Craft a Motor Boat.
Craft something using the Loom.
Visit an island other than the first.
Cook crab meat.
Skin a crab.
Craft a Camp Fire.
Catch your first fish with the fishing rod.
Craft a Stone Tool.
Open your backpack.