Here is the full list of all 37 Stranded Deep achievements. It takes around 60-80 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Craft 100 item piles.
Craft 1 of each item on the same island.
Escaped without using the compass.
Survive for 100 days.
Craft 10 pieces of furniture using corrugated scrap.
Have 1 of each farm crop planted on the same island.
Survive for 50 days.
Collect all sea monster trophies.
Craft a Sleeping Bag.
Find all survivor remnants.
Create a camp (fire) on 10 distinct islands.
Collect 1 sea monster trophy.
Make a clay flask.
Craft the Gyro-copter.
Craft a Motor Boat.
Find Wolley.
Create a camp (fire) on 5 distinct islands.
Survive for 20 days.
Spent 10 days without eating meat.
Go 10 days without eating a fish.
Craft the Hobo Stove.
Spend 10 days on one island.
Survive for 10 days.
Craft 20 tools.
Craft something using the Loom.
Plant your first farm plot.
Catch 10 fish with the fishing rod.
Catch your first fish with the fishing rod.
Complete the intro tutorial.
Visit an island other than the first.
Cook crab meat.
Craft a Camp Fire.
Skin a crab.
Craft a Stone Tool.
Open your backpack.