Here is the full list of all 37 Stranded Deep achievements. It takes around 60-80 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Survive for 100 days.
Escaped without using the compass.
Find Wolley.
Find all survivor remnants.
Spent 10 days without eating meat.
Survive for 50 days.
Spend 10 days on one island.
Go 10 days without eating a fish.
Craft 1 of each item on the same island.
Craft 100 item piles.
Have 1 of each farm crop planted on the same island.
Collect all sea monster trophies.
Craft the Gyro-copter.
Collect 1 sea monster trophy.
Make a clay flask.
Create a camp (fire) on 10 distinct islands.
Craft 10 pieces of furniture using corrugated scrap.
Craft something using the Loom.
Craft a Motor Boat.
Survive for 20 days.
Create a camp (fire) on 5 distinct islands.
Craft a Sleeping Bag.
Craft 20 tools.
Survive for 10 days.
Plant your first farm plot.
Catch 10 fish with the fishing rod.
Craft the Hobo Stove.
Complete the intro tutorial.
Catch your first fish with the fishing rod.
Visit an island other than the first.
Cook crab meat.
Craft a Camp Fire.
Skin a crab.
Craft a Stone Tool.
Open your backpack.