Here is the full list of all 37 Stranded Deep achievements. It takes around 60-80 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Craft 100 item piles.
Craft 1 of each item on the same island.
Survive for 100 days.
Craft 10 pieces of furniture using corrugated scrap.
Spend 10 days on one island.
Escaped without using the compass.
Collect all sea monster trophies.
Spent 10 days without eating meat.
Find all survivor remnants.
Craft the Gyro-copter.
Find Wolley.
Go 10 days without eating a fish.
Have 1 of each farm crop planted on the same island.
Collect 1 sea monster trophy.
Survive for 50 days.
Make a clay flask.
Create a camp (fire) on 10 distinct islands.
Craft something using the Loom.
Survive for 20 days.
Craft a Sleeping Bag.
Create a camp (fire) on 5 distinct islands.
Catch 10 fish with the fishing rod.
Survive for 10 days.
Craft the Hobo Stove.
Plant your first farm plot.
Craft a Motor Boat.
Craft 20 tools.
Visit an island other than the first.
Cook crab meat.
Complete the intro tutorial.
Catch your first fish with the fishing rod.
Craft a Camp Fire.
Skin a crab.
Craft a Stone Tool.
Open your backpack.