Here is the full list of all 37 Stranded Deep achievements. It takes around 60-80 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Escaped without using the compass.
Craft the Gyro-copter.
Survive for 100 days.
Collect 1 sea monster trophy.
Craft a Sleeping Bag.
Craft 100 item piles.
Have 1 of each farm crop planted on the same island.
Create a camp (fire) on 10 distinct islands.
Survive for 50 days.
Create a camp (fire) on 5 distinct islands.
Survive for 20 days.
Plant your first farm plot.
Make a clay flask.
Craft something using the Loom.
Find Wolley.
Craft 20 tools.
Survive for 10 days.
Visit an island other than the first.
Craft the Hobo Stove.
Catch 10 fish with the fishing rod.
Complete the intro tutorial.
Catch your first fish with the fishing rod.
Cook crab meat.
Craft a Camp Fire.
Skin a crab.
Open your backpack.
Craft a Stone Tool.
Spend 10 days on one island.
Spent 10 days without eating meat.
Go 10 days without eating a fish.
Craft a Motor Boat.
Collect all sea monster trophies.
Craft 10 pieces of furniture using corrugated scrap.
Find all survivor remnants.
Craft 1 of each item on the same island.