Here is the full list of all 37 Stranded Deep achievements. It takes around 60-80 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Survive for 100 days.
Craft 1 of each item on the same island.
Escaped without using the compass.
Collect all sea monster trophies.
Survive for 50 days.
Collect 1 sea monster trophy.
Craft 100 item piles.
Find all survivor remnants.
Spent 10 days without eating meat.
Craft 10 pieces of furniture using corrugated scrap.
Craft the Gyro-copter.
Create a camp (fire) on 10 distinct islands.
Go 10 days without eating a fish.
Craft a Motor Boat.
Have 1 of each farm crop planted on the same island.
Survive for 20 days.
Craft a Sleeping Bag.
Make a clay flask.
Create a camp (fire) on 5 distinct islands.
Find Wolley.
Craft 20 tools.
Visit an island other than the first.
Craft something using the Loom.
Survive for 10 days.
Spend 10 days on one island.
Craft the Hobo Stove.
Plant your first farm plot.
Complete the intro tutorial.
Catch 10 fish with the fishing rod.
Catch your first fish with the fishing rod.
Cook crab meat.
Craft a Camp Fire.
Skin a crab.
Craft a Stone Tool.
Open your backpack.