Here is the full list of all 38 Factorio achievements. It takes around 200 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Finish the game in 8 hours
Produce 100M Electronic circuits
Research all technologies
Win the game by crafting no more than 111 items manually.
Produce 5k Processing units per hour.
Produce 25k Advanced circuits per hour.
Win the game without building Active provider chest and requester chest.
Finish the game in 15 hours
Win the game without building Laser turret.
Win the game without using a solar panel.
Build Diesel locomotive within first 1 hour and 30 minutes of the game.
Produce 10k Advanced circuits per hour.
Produce 400k Iron plates per hour.
Finish the game
Take 500 damage in one hit and survive.
Get 100 combat robots following you
Have a train plan a path 1000 tiles or longer.
Produce more than 10 MJ energy per hour without the usage of Steam engine.
Produce 1.0k Processing units per hour.
Construct more machines using robots than manually.
Produce 200k Iron plates per hour
Produce 1M electronic circuits
Produce 500 Processing units per hour.
Construct 100 machines using robots.
Deconstruct 100 objects with the construction robots.
Destroy 10 spawners by impact.
Destroy 100 trees by impact.
Supply the player with 10k items delivered by the logistic robots.
Get killed by moving Locomotive
Supply the player by logistic robot.
Destroy 10k trees with fire
Produce 1.0k Advanced circuits per hour.
Build Diesel locomotive
Trigger an alien attack by pollution.
Produce 10k Electronic circuits
Produce 20k Iron plates per hour.
Research Oil processing