Here is the full list of all 38 Factorio achievements. It takes around 200 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Produce 100M Electronic circuits
Produce 400k Iron plates per hour.
Destroy 10 spawners by impact.
Build Diesel locomotive within first 1 hour and 30 minutes of the game.
Win the game by crafting no more than 111 items manually.
Destroy 100 trees by impact.
Construct more machines using robots than manually.
Get 100 combat robots following you
Take 500 damage in one hit and survive.
Produce 5k Processing units per hour.
Produce 25k Advanced circuits per hour.
Research all technologies
Win the game without building Active provider chest and requester chest.
Finish the game
Finish the game in 15 hours
Finish the game in 8 hours
Win the game without building Laser turret.
Win the game without using a solar panel.
Produce 10k Advanced circuits per hour.
Destroy 10k trees with fire
Produce 1.0k Processing units per hour.
Produce 1M electronic circuits
Research Oil processing
Produce 200k Iron plates per hour
Get killed by moving Locomotive
Supply the player with 10k items delivered by the logistic robots.
Construct 100 machines using robots.
Produce more than 10 MJ energy per hour without the usage of Steam engine.
Produce 10k Electronic circuits
Deconstruct 100 objects with the construction robots.
Build Diesel locomotive
Supply the player by logistic robot.
Trigger an alien attack by pollution.
Have a train plan a path 1000 tiles or longer.
Produce 500 Processing units per hour.
Produce 20k Iron plates per hour.
Produce 1.0k Advanced circuits per hour.