Here is the full list of all 38 Factorio achievements. It takes around 200 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Win the game by crafting no more than 111 items manually.
Get 100 combat robots following you
Produce 100M Electronic circuits
Destroy 10 spawners by impact.
Take 500 damage in one hit and survive.
Research all technologies
Build Diesel locomotive within first 1 hour and 30 minutes of the game.
Produce 5k Processing units per hour.
Construct more machines using robots than manually.
Supply the player with 10k items delivered by the logistic robots.
Produce 25k Advanced circuits per hour.
Produce more than 10 MJ energy per hour without the usage of Steam engine.
Supply the player by logistic robot.
Destroy 100 trees by impact.
Get killed by moving Locomotive
Build Diesel locomotive
Destroy 10k trees with fire
Produce 1M electronic circuits
Win the game without building Active provider chest and requester chest.
Finish the game
Finish the game in 15 hours
Finish the game in 8 hours
Win the game without building Laser turret.
Win the game without using a solar panel.
Produce 1.0k Processing units per hour.
Produce 500 Processing units per hour.
Research Oil processing
Have a train plan a path 1000 tiles or longer.
Construct 100 machines using robots.
Deconstruct 100 objects with the construction robots.
Trigger an alien attack by pollution.
Produce 1.0k Advanced circuits per hour.
Produce 10k Advanced circuits per hour.
Produce 20k Iron plates per hour.
Produce 200k Iron plates per hour
Produce 400k Iron plates per hour.
Produce 10k Electronic circuits