Here is the full list of all 38 Factorio achievements. It takes around 200 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Produce 100M Electronic circuits
Build Diesel locomotive within first 1 hour and 30 minutes of the game.
Finish the game in 8 hours
Win the game by crafting no more than 111 items manually.
Win the game without building Active provider chest and requester chest.
Produce 5k Processing units per hour.
Produce 25k Advanced circuits per hour.
Take 500 damage in one hit and survive.
Have a train plan a path 1000 tiles or longer.
Get 100 combat robots following you
Research all technologies
Produce 1.0k Processing units per hour.
Produce 10k Advanced circuits per hour.
Produce 400k Iron plates per hour.
Produce 200k Iron plates per hour
Supply the player with 10k items delivered by the logistic robots.
Produce more than 10 MJ energy per hour without the usage of Steam engine.
Construct more machines using robots than manually.
Produce 1M electronic circuits
Destroy 10 spawners by impact.
Get killed by moving Locomotive
Finish the game
Finish the game in 15 hours
Win the game without building Laser turret.
Win the game without using a solar panel.
Produce 500 Processing units per hour.
Destroy 10k trees with fire
Research Oil processing
Produce 1.0k Advanced circuits per hour.
Build Diesel locomotive
Construct 100 machines using robots.
Destroy 100 trees by impact.
Produce 20k Iron plates per hour.
Supply the player by logistic robot.
Trigger an alien attack by pollution.
Deconstruct 100 objects with the construction robots.
Produce 10k Electronic circuits