Here is the full list of all 38 Factorio achievements. It takes around 200 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Finish the game in 8 hours
Finish the game in 15 hours
Build Diesel locomotive within first 1 hour and 30 minutes of the game.
Produce 100M Electronic circuits
Take 500 damage in one hit and survive.
Produce 400k Iron plates per hour.
Get 100 combat robots following you
Destroy 10k trees with fire
Research all technologies
Produce 25k Advanced circuits per hour.
Produce more than 10 MJ energy per hour without the usage of Steam engine.
Produce 5k Processing units per hour.
Construct more machines using robots than manually.
Supply the player with 10k items delivered by the logistic robots.
Produce 200k Iron plates per hour
Get killed by moving Locomotive
Produce 1M electronic circuits
Win the game by crafting no more than 111 items manually.
Win the game without building Laser turret.
Win the game without using a solar panel.
Have a train plan a path 1000 tiles or longer.
Destroy 10 spawners by impact.
Produce 10k Advanced circuits per hour.
Produce 1.0k Processing units per hour.
Build Diesel locomotive
Win the game without building Active provider chest and requester chest.
Finish the game
Produce 500 Processing units per hour.
Construct 100 machines using robots.
Destroy 100 trees by impact.
Deconstruct 100 objects with the construction robots.
Supply the player by logistic robot.
Produce 1.0k Advanced circuits per hour.
Produce 10k Electronic circuits
Research Oil processing
Produce 20k Iron plates per hour.
Trigger an alien attack by pollution.