Here is the full list of all 48 Metro 2033 achievements. It takes around 20-25 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Complete the game in Ranger Mode Hardcore.
Kill at least one enemy with each weapon available in the game.
Complete the game in Ranger Mode Easy.
Kill 5 amoebas.
Kill 5 enemies with a flamethrower.
Kill a librarian.
Break the support and activate the chandelier in less than 20 seconds.
There is no place in metro you did not visit
Complete the level 'Black Station' without killing any Fascist Soldiers.
On the level 'Outpost' reach the radio tower and broadcast the commander's message.
Kill 20 lurkers.
On the level 'Depot' silently kill the first guard and break into the Fascist station unnoticed.
Save a group of 'Reds' from Fascist captivity.
Complete 'Frontline' level without killing anyone.
Disarm 10 wire traps.
Kill 15 enemies using sticky grenade.
On the level 'Frontline' kill all of the enemy Red Army and Fascist Soldiers.
Make 25 headshots.
Kill 30 enemies using pneumatic weapons.
Kill 30 humans with only pneumatic weapons.
Kill 50 enemies with heavy automatic shotgun.
Destroy fascists' Panzer.
Kill 15 enemies using stationary machine gun.
Found all gold ammo, hidden throughout the stations.
Exchange 500 Military-Grade 5.45 rounds at Exchange kiosks.
Make 10 deals in weapon shops.
Save 500 military-grade rounds.
Complete level 'Armory' without getting caught.
Blow up the tunnel and airlock at 'Cursed' station.
Complete levels 'Ghosts' and 'Anomaly' without dying.
Kill 50 mutants with your knife.
Kill 20 enemies with the knife.
Get 50 kills with Volt Driver.
Kill 30 enemies using revolvers.
Explode 10 enemies.
Get 25 kills with alternative fire of Volt Driver.
Kill 2 demons.
Find all Ranger stashes in Dead City 1 and 2
A true metro citizen. You know everyone and have seen everything.
Kill 30 enemies with the double-barreled shotgun.
Kill 30 nosalises.
Help the poor, a coin for the kid, medicine for the sick. You help everyone you see.
A coin for a hungry kid? Get a job.
On the level 'Hunter' kill the nosalises before they break through the ventilation grilles.
Kill 10 enemies with throwing knives.
What doesn't kill you, makes you stronger.