Here is the full list of all 33 Transistor achievements. It takes around 15-20 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Recurse through the story.
Complete each Performance Test.
Clear every Test.
Achieve User Level 24.
Complete each Agency Test
Deal at least 1024 damage in one Turn() in the Practice Test.
Deal at least 2048 damage in one Turn() in the Practice Test.
Unlock every Upgrade Slot and Passive Slot.
Complete five encounters with all 10 Limiters in use.
Clear one of each Test.
Complete each Speed Test.
Inspect all completed Function Files.
Unlock 32 MEM.
Achieve User Level 16.
Complete each Planning Test.
Inspect all completed Limiter Files.
Unlock every Process Limiter.
Upgrade a Function with a copy of itself.
Unlock every Transistor Function.
Complete each Stability Test.
Create a Function combination requiring 12 MEM.
Complete five encounters with five or more Limiters in use.
Inspect 10 completed Function Files.
Complete the story.
Confront Royce beyond Cloudbank.
Confront Grant and Asher at Bracket Towers.
Achieve User Level 8.
Use 10 different OVC Terminals.
Confront the Spine at the Bracket Towers facade.
Inspect five completed Function Files.
Complete five encounters with one or more Limiters in use.
Confront Sybil at the Empty Set.
Reach the Goldwalk District.