Here is the full list of all 33 Transistor achievements. It takes around 15-20 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Recurse through the story.
Inspect all completed Function Files.
Achieve User Level 24.
Clear every Test.
Complete each Performance Test.
Inspect 10 completed Function Files.
Complete each Agency Test
Unlock every Upgrade Slot and Passive Slot.
Complete five encounters with all 10 Limiters in use.
Inspect all completed Limiter Files.
Complete each Speed Test.
Unlock 32 MEM.
Clear one of each Test.
Achieve User Level 16.
Upgrade a Function with a copy of itself.
Unlock every Process Limiter.
Complete five encounters with five or more Limiters in use.
Complete each Planning Test.
Create a Function combination requiring 12 MEM.
Unlock every Transistor Function.
Complete the story.
Confront Royce beyond Cloudbank.
Complete each Stability Test.
Confront Grant and Asher at Bracket Towers.
Inspect five completed Function Files.
Confront the Spine at the Bracket Towers facade.
Achieve User Level 8.
Use 10 different OVC Terminals.
Deal at least 2048 damage in one Turn() in the Practice Test.
Deal at least 1024 damage in one Turn() in the Practice Test.
Complete five encounters with one or more Limiters in use.
Confront Sybil at the Empty Set.
Reach the Goldwalk District.