Here is the full list of all 17 Temporal Temple achievements.
Die 25 times
Unlock Mary
Unlock Dan
You found it!
Unlock Big Tam
Unlock Jakarta
Use the chest three times in a single run
Purchase a weapon from the chest
Unlock Bone Boy
Watch the credits. Thanks!
Jump 69 times in a single run
Kill a haunted enemy
Purchase an item from the shop
Use the Healing Shrine to recover health
Kill five Big Guys in a single run
Last over 60 seconds in a single run
Last at least 30 seconds in a single run