Here is the full list of all 17 Temporal Temple achievements.
Unlock Mary
Unlock Jakarta
Unlock Big Tam
Unlock Dan
Use the chest three times in a single run
Die 25 times
Jump 69 times in a single run
You found it!
Watch the credits. Thanks!
Use the Healing Shrine to recover health
Kill a haunted enemy
Unlock Bone Boy
Last over 60 seconds in a single run
Purchase an item from the shop
Purchase a weapon from the chest
Kill five Big Guys in a single run
Last at least 30 seconds in a single run