Here is the full list of all 24 SteamWorld Dig achievements. It takes around 10-12 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Find all secret areas in the caves.
Get all four gold stars in the same playthrough.
Complete the game without getting killed once.
Complete the game with more than 20000 gold collected in total.
Complete the game with more than 150 orbs collected in total.
Maximize all upgrades.
Dig out 15000 tiles.
Find and sell 16 Dark Matter ores at the same time.
Destroy a laser box.
Crush 10 enemies with falling blocks.
Defeat 10 mecha trilobites before they wake up.
Buy from all of Tumbleton's shops.
Find and sell 8 Uranium ores at the same time.
Destroy two generators before entering Vectron.
Find and sell 8 Trashium ores at the same time.
Complete the game in less than 2 hours, 30 minutes.
Immortalization of a destructible steambot.
Defeat a turtle submerged in water.
Reach the bottom of the world.
You found Vectron!
Defeat 10 shiners before they wake up.
You found the Old World!
Defeat 10 trilobites before they wake up.
You found Archaea!