Here is the full list of all 38 Returnal achievements. It takes around 40-50 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Gain a moment of peace
Open the Locked Door
Defeat Algos' final form
Defeat Algos' first form
Kill 100 Hostiles with Disgorgers
Complete the first Hospital sequence
Die and return in the Tower
Collect all main Achievements
Finish Act 3
Finish Echoing Ruins Survey
Complete all House sequences
Finish Derelict Citadel Survey
Finish Crimson Wastes Survey
Finish Overgrown Ruins Survey
Complete a daily challenge in Simulation Mode
Finish Abyssal Scar Survey
Finish Fractured Wastes Survey
Achieve Weapon Proficiency level 30
Finish Act 2
Defeat Ophion
Have 5 Parasites simultaneously
Defeat Hyperion
Finish Act 1
Defeat Nemesis
Complete a Xeno-archive set (excluding Tower of Sisyphus)
Achieve 200% Max Integrity
Defeat Ixion
Finish Calculated Risk
Retrieve 10 Scout Logs
Defeat Phrike
Unlock all translation tiers of a Xenoglyph
Experience a new cycle after death
Returned by an Artifact
Learn the basics of survival on Atropos
Complete the first House sequence
Perform 5 successful Overloads in a row
Scan a Xenoglyph
Achieve maximum Adrenaline Level