Here is the full list of all 38 Returnal achievements. It takes around 40-50 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Collect all main Achievements
Gain a moment of peace
Open the Locked Door
Kill 100 Hostiles with Disgorgers
Finish Act 3
Defeat Algos' final form
Finish Crimson Wastes Survey
Finish Overgrown Ruins Survey
Finish Abyssal Scar Survey
Finish Echoing Ruins Survey
Finish Fractured Wastes Survey
Finish Derelict Citadel Survey
Complete all House sequences
Complete a daily challenge in Simulation Mode
Finish Act 2
Defeat Ophion
Defeat Hyperion
Achieve 200% Max Integrity
Finish Act 1
Defeat Nemesis
Complete a Xeno-archive set (excluding Tower of Sisyphus)
Returned by an Artifact
Complete the first House sequence
Finish Calculated Risk
Have 5 Parasites simultaneously
Unlock all translation tiers of a Xenoglyph
Complete the first Hospital sequence
Die and return in the Tower
Achieve Weapon Proficiency level 30
Defeat Algos' first form
Defeat Ixion
Retrieve 10 Scout Logs
Defeat Phrike
Learn the basics of survival on Atropos
Perform 5 successful Overloads in a row
Scan a Xenoglyph
Achieve maximum Adrenaline Level
Experience a new cycle after death