Here is the full list of all 38 Returnal achievements. It takes around 40-50 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Collect all main Achievements
Gain a moment of peace
Defeat Algos' final form
Finish Overgrown Ruins Survey
Finish Fractured Wastes Survey
Finish Echoing Ruins Survey
Finish Crimson Wastes Survey
Finish Derelict Citadel Survey
Finish Abyssal Scar Survey
Finish Act 3
Complete all House sequences
Returned by an Artifact
Unlock all translation tiers of a Xenoglyph
Complete a daily challenge in Simulation Mode
Open the Locked Door
Kill 100 Hostiles with Disgorgers
Defeat Algos' first form
Complete the first Hospital sequence
Die and return in the Tower
Finish Act 2
Defeat Ophion
Perform 5 successful Overloads in a row
Achieve Weapon Proficiency level 30
Finish Calculated Risk
Defeat Hyperion
Finish Act 1
Defeat Nemesis
Complete a Xeno-archive set (excluding Tower of Sisyphus)
Defeat Ixion
Achieve 200% Max Integrity
Retrieve 10 Scout Logs
Defeat Phrike
Learn the basics of survival on Atropos
Complete the first House sequence
Have 5 Parasites simultaneously
Achieve maximum Adrenaline Level
Scan a Xenoglyph
Experience a new cycle after death