Here is the full list of all 38 Returnal achievements. It takes around 40-50 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Collect all main Achievements
Finish Fractured Wastes Survey
Finish Abyssal Scar Survey
Finish Crimson Wastes Survey
Gain a moment of peace
Open the Locked Door
Kill 100 Hostiles with Disgorgers
Defeat Algos' final form
Complete the first Hospital sequence
Achieve Weapon Proficiency level 30
Defeat Algos' first form
Finish Act 3
Finish Echoing Ruins Survey
Complete all House sequences
Finish Derelict Citadel Survey
Complete a daily challenge in Simulation Mode
Achieve 200% Max Integrity
Finish Overgrown Ruins Survey
Finish Act 2
Defeat Ophion
Defeat Hyperion
Finish Act 1
Defeat Nemesis
Die and return in the Tower
Finish Calculated Risk
Complete a Xeno-archive set (excluding Tower of Sisyphus)
Have 5 Parasites simultaneously
Defeat Ixion
Defeat Phrike
Retrieve 10 Scout Logs
Unlock all translation tiers of a Xenoglyph
Perform 5 successful Overloads in a row
Returned by an Artifact
Complete the first House sequence
Learn the basics of survival on Atropos
Achieve maximum Adrenaline Level
Scan a Xenoglyph
Experience a new cycle after death