Here is the full list of all 38 Returnal achievements. It takes around 40-50 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Finish Crimson Wastes Survey
Collect all main Achievements
Finish Derelict Citadel Survey
Gain a moment of peace
Finish Fractured Wastes Survey
Open the Locked Door
Kill 100 Hostiles with Disgorgers
Defeat Algos' final form
Finish Abyssal Scar Survey
Finish Overgrown Ruins Survey
Finish Echoing Ruins Survey
Finish Act 3
Complete all House sequences
Finish Act 2
Defeat Ophion
Achieve Weapon Proficiency level 30
Have 5 Parasites simultaneously
Complete the first Hospital sequence
Die and return in the Tower
Defeat Algos' first form
Defeat Hyperion
Finish Act 1
Defeat Nemesis
Complete a Xeno-archive set (excluding Tower of Sisyphus)
Finish Calculated Risk
Defeat Ixion
Achieve 200% Max Integrity
Retrieve 10 Scout Logs
Unlock all translation tiers of a Xenoglyph
Complete a daily challenge in Simulation Mode
Experience a new cycle after death
Perform 5 successful Overloads in a row
Returned by an Artifact
Defeat Phrike
Complete the first House sequence
Learn the basics of survival on Atropos
Scan a Xenoglyph
Achieve maximum Adrenaline Level