Here is the full list of all 38 Returnal achievements. It takes around 40-50 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Collect all main Achievements
Gain a moment of peace
Open the Locked Door
Kill 100 Hostiles with Disgorgers
Finish Fractured Wastes Survey
Finish Abyssal Scar Survey
Finish Crimson Wastes Survey
Finish Overgrown Ruins Survey
Finish Derelict Citadel Survey
Finish Echoing Ruins Survey
Finish Act 3
Complete all House sequences
Complete a daily challenge in Simulation Mode
Have 5 Parasites simultaneously
Defeat Algos' final form
Achieve Weapon Proficiency level 30
Complete the first Hospital sequence
Die and return in the Tower
Defeat Algos' first form
Finish Act 2
Defeat Ophion
Defeat Hyperion
Finish Calculated Risk
Defeat Nemesis
Finish Act 1
Complete a Xeno-archive set (excluding Tower of Sisyphus)
Defeat Ixion
Achieve 200% Max Integrity
Unlock all translation tiers of a Xenoglyph
Defeat Phrike
Retrieve 10 Scout Logs
Achieve maximum Adrenaline Level
Returned by an Artifact
Learn the basics of survival on Atropos
Complete the first House sequence
Scan a Xenoglyph
Perform 5 successful Overloads in a row
Experience a new cycle after death