Here is the full list of all 38 Returnal achievements. It takes around 40-50 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Collect all main Achievements
Gain a moment of peace
Finish Abyssal Scar Survey
Finish Fractured Wastes Survey
Finish Echoing Ruins Survey
Finish Derelict Citadel Survey
Finish Crimson Wastes Survey
Open the Locked Door
Finish Act 3
Complete all House sequences
Finish Overgrown Ruins Survey
Finish Act 2
Defeat Ophion
Complete the first House sequence
Defeat Hyperion
Finish Act 1
Defeat Nemesis
Complete the first Hospital sequence
Kill 100 Hostiles with Disgorgers
Defeat Algos' final form
Returned by an Artifact
Achieve 200% Max Integrity
Achieve Weapon Proficiency level 30
Die and return in the Tower
Defeat Algos' first form
Complete a daily challenge in Simulation Mode
Complete a Xeno-archive set (excluding Tower of Sisyphus)
Have 5 Parasites simultaneously
Defeat Ixion
Finish Calculated Risk
Defeat Phrike
Unlock all translation tiers of a Xenoglyph
Retrieve 10 Scout Logs
Learn the basics of survival on Atropos
Perform 5 successful Overloads in a row
Scan a Xenoglyph
Achieve maximum Adrenaline Level
Experience a new cycle after death