Here is the full list of all 15 Portal achievements. It takes around 8-10 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Earn bronze medals on all Portal challenges.
Earn silver medals on all Portal challenges.
Earn gold medals on all Portal challenges.
Fall 30,000 feet.
Beat all six Portal advanced maps.
Beat four Portal advanced maps.
Detach security cameras from the walls.
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Beat two Portal advanced maps.
Complete Portal.
Jump 300 feet.
Make the correct party escort submission position decision.
Acquire the fully powered Aperture Science Handheld Portal Device.
Do whatever it takes to survive.
Knock down a turret with another turret.