Here is the full list of all 15 Portal achievements. It takes around 8-10 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Earn gold medals on all Portal challenges.
Earn bronze medals on all Portal challenges.
Earn silver medals on all Portal challenges.
Detach security cameras from the walls.
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Beat four Portal advanced maps.
Beat all six Portal advanced maps.
Jump 300 feet.
Beat two Portal advanced maps.
Complete Portal.
Do whatever it takes to survive.
Make the correct party escort submission position decision.
Knock down a turret with another turret.
Acquire the fully powered Aperture Science Handheld Portal Device.
Fall 30,000 feet.