Here is the full list of all 10 Polarity achievements. It takes around 5-6 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Finish your first Cooperative level.
Destroy 10 Cubes.
Collected 60 Data Fragments.
Complete all the bonus levels.
Collected 30 Data Fragments
Complete the single player campaign
Use 10 Jump Pads in any mode.
Die for the first time.
Finish the cooperative campaign.
Collected all 111 Data Fragments.