Here is the full list of all 18 Nova Strike achievements.
Equip 5 chips or more
Defeat chapter 1 boss
Die for the first time
Discard a weapon
Kill 100 enemies overall
Start the first run
Complete all achievements
Defeat chapter 2 boss
Defeat chapter 3 boss
Complete the game
Buy the chapter shortcut, available after chapter one
Unlock all chip slots
Buy all chips in upgrade shop
Collect 20 weapons in one run
Get perfect dodge bonus by not getting hit in a stage
Kill 1,000 enemies overall
Collect 5,000 coins in one run
Collect 10,000 coins in one run