Here is the full list of all 48 Metro 2033 achievements. It takes around 20-25 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Complete the game in Ranger Mode Easy.
Kill at least one enemy with each weapon available in the game.
Found all gold ammo, hidden throughout the stations.
Break the support and activate the chandelier in less than 20 seconds.
On the level 'Outpost' reach the radio tower and broadcast the commander's message.
Kill 2 demons.
Kill 30 humans with only pneumatic weapons.
Kill 50 enemies with heavy automatic shotgun.
Get 25 kills with alternative fire of Volt Driver.
Kill 15 enemies using stationary machine gun.
On the level 'Frontline' kill all of the enemy Red Army and Fascist Soldiers.
Save a group of 'Reds' from Fascist captivity.
Get 50 kills with Volt Driver.
Make 10 deals in weapon shops.
Exchange 500 Military-Grade 5.45 rounds at Exchange kiosks.
Save 500 military-grade rounds.
Kill 30 enemies with the double-barreled shotgun.
Complete the game in Ranger Mode Hardcore.
Kill 30 enemies using pneumatic weapons.
Kill 5 amoebas.
Kill 15 enemies using sticky grenade.
Kill 5 enemies with a flamethrower.
Kill a librarian.
There is no place in metro you did not visit
Make 25 headshots.
Complete the level 'Black Station' without killing any Fascist Soldiers.
Kill 20 lurkers.
Kill 50 mutants with your knife.
Disarm 10 wire traps.
On the level 'Depot' silently kill the first guard and break into the Fascist station unnoticed.
Destroy fascists' Panzer.
Kill 30 enemies using revolvers.
Complete 'Frontline' level without killing anyone.
Complete level 'Armory' without getting caught.
Blow up the tunnel and airlock at 'Cursed' station.
Kill 20 enemies with the knife.
Kill 10 enemies with throwing knives.
Explode 10 enemies.
Find all Ranger stashes in Dead City 1 and 2
Complete levels 'Ghosts' and 'Anomaly' without dying.
Kill 30 nosalises.
A coin for a hungry kid? Get a job.
A true metro citizen. You know everyone and have seen everything.
Help the poor, a coin for the kid, medicine for the sick. You help everyone you see.
On the level 'Hunter' kill the nosalises before they break through the ventilation grilles.
What doesn't kill you, makes you stronger.