Here is the full list of all 48 Metro 2033 achievements. It takes around 20-25 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Complete the game in Ranger Mode Hardcore.
Kill at least one enemy with each weapon available in the game.
There is no place in metro you did not visit
Get 50 kills with Volt Driver.
Kill 15 enemies using sticky grenade.
Kill 15 enemies using stationary machine gun.
Kill 30 humans with only pneumatic weapons.
Kill 50 mutants with your knife.
Kill 30 enemies using pneumatic weapons.
Kill 30 enemies with the double-barreled shotgun.
Explode 10 enemies.
On the level 'Frontline' kill all of the enemy Red Army and Fascist Soldiers.
Make 25 headshots.
Kill 20 enemies with the knife.
Get 25 kills with alternative fire of Volt Driver.
A true metro citizen. You know everyone and have seen everything.
On the level 'Hunter' kill the nosalises before they break through the ventilation grilles.
Complete the game in Ranger Mode Easy.
Kill 5 amoebas.
Kill 50 enemies with heavy automatic shotgun.
Kill 5 enemies with a flamethrower.
Kill a librarian.
Break the support and activate the chandelier in less than 20 seconds.
Complete the level 'Black Station' without killing any Fascist Soldiers.
Kill 2 demons.
On the level 'Outpost' reach the radio tower and broadcast the commander's message.
Disarm 10 wire traps.
Exchange 500 Military-Grade 5.45 rounds at Exchange kiosks.
Kill 20 lurkers.
On the level 'Depot' silently kill the first guard and break into the Fascist station unnoticed.
Destroy fascists' Panzer.
Complete 'Frontline' level without killing anyone.
Save a group of 'Reds' from Fascist captivity.
Kill 10 enemies with throwing knives.
Kill 30 enemies using revolvers.
Found all gold ammo, hidden throughout the stations.
Complete level 'Armory' without getting caught.
Blow up the tunnel and airlock at 'Cursed' station.
Complete levels 'Ghosts' and 'Anomaly' without dying.
Find all Ranger stashes in Dead City 1 and 2
Save 500 military-grade rounds.
Make 10 deals in weapon shops.
Help the poor, a coin for the kid, medicine for the sick. You help everyone you see.
Kill 30 nosalises.
A coin for a hungry kid? Get a job.
What doesn't kill you, makes you stronger.