Here is the full list of all 48 Metro 2033 achievements. It takes around 20-25 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Complete the game in Ranger Mode Hardcore.
Kill 50 enemies with heavy automatic shotgun.
Exchange 500 Military-Grade 5.45 rounds at Exchange kiosks.
Save 500 military-grade rounds.
Complete the game in Ranger Mode Easy.
There is no place in metro you did not visit
Kill at least one enemy with each weapon available in the game.
Break the support and activate the chandelier in less than 20 seconds.
Complete the level 'Black Station' without killing any Fascist Soldiers.
Kill 30 humans with only pneumatic weapons.
Make 10 deals in weapon shops.
Kill 50 mutants with your knife.
Get 50 kills with Volt Driver.
Get 25 kills with alternative fire of Volt Driver.
Disarm 10 wire traps.
Kill 15 enemies using stationary machine gun.
Kill 15 enemies using sticky grenade.
Complete 'Frontline' level without killing anyone.
On the level 'Hunter' kill the nosalises before they break through the ventilation grilles.
On the level 'Frontline' kill all of the enemy Red Army and Fascist Soldiers.
Save a group of 'Reds' from Fascist captivity.
Make 25 headshots.
Found all gold ammo, hidden throughout the stations.
Kill 20 enemies with the knife.
Kill 30 enemies using pneumatic weapons.
Explode 10 enemies.
Kill 10 enemies with throwing knives.
Find all Ranger stashes in Dead City 1 and 2
Help the poor, a coin for the kid, medicine for the sick. You help everyone you see.
A coin for a hungry kid? Get a job.
A true metro citizen. You know everyone and have seen everything.
Kill 2 demons.
Kill 5 amoebas.
Kill 5 enemies with a flamethrower.
Kill a librarian.
On the level 'Outpost' reach the radio tower and broadcast the commander's message.
Kill 20 lurkers.
On the level 'Depot' silently kill the first guard and break into the Fascist station unnoticed.
Destroy fascists' Panzer.
Complete level 'Armory' without getting caught.
Blow up the tunnel and airlock at 'Cursed' station.
Kill 30 enemies using revolvers.
Kill 30 enemies with the double-barreled shotgun.
Complete levels 'Ghosts' and 'Anomaly' without dying.
Kill 30 nosalises.
What doesn't kill you, makes you stronger.