Here is the full list of all 48 Metro 2033 achievements. It takes around 20-25 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Complete the game in Ranger Mode Easy.
Kill 30 enemies with the double-barreled shotgun.
Complete the game in Ranger Mode Hardcore.
Kill 15 enemies using sticky grenade.
Kill at least one enemy with each weapon available in the game.
Kill 15 enemies using stationary machine gun.
Kill 30 humans with only pneumatic weapons.
Found all gold ammo, hidden throughout the stations.
Explode 10 enemies.
Kill 30 enemies using pneumatic weapons.
Get 25 kills with alternative fire of Volt Driver.
Exchange 500 Military-Grade 5.45 rounds at Exchange kiosks.
Help the poor, a coin for the kid, medicine for the sick. You help everyone you see.
Kill 5 amoebas.
There is no place in metro you did not visit
Kill 5 enemies with a flamethrower.
Kill a librarian.
Break the support and activate the chandelier in less than 20 seconds.
Complete the level 'Black Station' without killing any Fascist Soldiers.
On the level 'Outpost' reach the radio tower and broadcast the commander's message.
Kill 50 mutants with your knife.
Kill 20 lurkers.
Kill 50 enemies with heavy automatic shotgun.
On the level 'Depot' silently kill the first guard and break into the Fascist station unnoticed.
Destroy fascists' Panzer.
On the level 'Frontline' kill all of the enemy Red Army and Fascist Soldiers.
Save a group of 'Reds' from Fascist captivity.
Make 25 headshots.
Kill 10 enemies with throwing knives.
Complete 'Frontline' level without killing anyone.
Disarm 10 wire traps.
Complete level 'Armory' without getting caught.
Blow up the tunnel and airlock at 'Cursed' station.
Kill 20 enemies with the knife.
Complete levels 'Ghosts' and 'Anomaly' without dying.
Get 50 kills with Volt Driver.
Kill 2 demons.
Find all Ranger stashes in Dead City 1 and 2
Kill 30 enemies using revolvers.
Kill 30 nosalises.
Make 10 deals in weapon shops.
A coin for a hungry kid? Get a job.
A true metro citizen. You know everyone and have seen everything.
Save 500 military-grade rounds.
On the level 'Hunter' kill the nosalises before they break through the ventilation grilles.
What doesn't kill you, makes you stronger.