Here is the full list of all 48 Metro 2033 achievements. It takes around 20-25 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Kill 15 enemies using stationary machine gun.
Complete the game in Ranger Mode Hardcore.
Complete 'Frontline' level without killing anyone.
Complete the game in Ranger Mode Easy.
Kill 5 amoebas.
Kill at least one enemy with each weapon available in the game.
Kill 5 enemies with a flamethrower.
Kill a librarian.
Break the support and activate the chandelier in less than 20 seconds.
There is no place in metro you did not visit
Kill 15 enemies using sticky grenade.
Disarm 10 wire traps.
Found all gold ammo, hidden throughout the stations.
Kill 30 humans with only pneumatic weapons.
Exchange 500 Military-Grade 5.45 rounds at Exchange kiosks.
Save 500 military-grade rounds.
Get 25 kills with alternative fire of Volt Driver.
Make 10 deals in weapon shops.
Kill 50 mutants with your knife.
Kill 30 enemies with the double-barreled shotgun.
Complete the level 'Black Station' without killing any Fascist Soldiers.
Make 25 headshots.
Kill 2 demons.
On the level 'Outpost' reach the radio tower and broadcast the commander's message.
Kill 30 enemies using pneumatic weapons.
Kill 20 enemies with the knife.
Kill 20 lurkers.
Kill 10 enemies with throwing knives.
Kill 50 enemies with heavy automatic shotgun.
On the level 'Depot' silently kill the first guard and break into the Fascist station unnoticed.
Destroy fascists' Panzer.
On the level 'Frontline' kill all of the enemy Red Army and Fascist Soldiers.
Save a group of 'Reds' from Fascist captivity.
Explode 10 enemies.
Complete level 'Armory' without getting caught.
Blow up the tunnel and airlock at 'Cursed' station.
Get 50 kills with Volt Driver.
Complete levels 'Ghosts' and 'Anomaly' without dying.
Kill 30 enemies using revolvers.
Find all Ranger stashes in Dead City 1 and 2
Kill 30 nosalises.
A true metro citizen. You know everyone and have seen everything.
Help the poor, a coin for the kid, medicine for the sick. You help everyone you see.
A coin for a hungry kid? Get a job.
On the level 'Hunter' kill the nosalises before they break through the ventilation grilles.
What doesn't kill you, makes you stronger.