Here is the full list of all 48 Metro 2033 achievements. It takes around 20-25 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Complete the game in Ranger Mode Hardcore.
Kill 15 enemies using sticky grenade.
Get 25 kills with alternative fire of Volt Driver.
Kill at least one enemy with each weapon available in the game.
Kill 30 humans with only pneumatic weapons.
A true metro citizen. You know everyone and have seen everything.
Kill 50 enemies with heavy automatic shotgun.
Complete the game in Ranger Mode Easy.
Kill 50 mutants with your knife.
Make 10 deals in weapon shops.
Kill 15 enemies using stationary machine gun.
There is no place in metro you did not visit
Disarm 10 wire traps.
Exchange 500 Military-Grade 5.45 rounds at Exchange kiosks.
On the level 'Frontline' kill all of the enemy Red Army and Fascist Soldiers.
Make 25 headshots.
Found all gold ammo, hidden throughout the stations.
Kill 30 enemies using pneumatic weapons.
Kill 20 enemies with the knife.
Help the poor, a coin for the kid, medicine for the sick. You help everyone you see.
Break the support and activate the chandelier in less than 20 seconds.
Complete the level 'Black Station' without killing any Fascist Soldiers.
Save 500 military-grade rounds.
On the level 'Outpost' reach the radio tower and broadcast the commander's message.
On the level 'Depot' silently kill the first guard and break into the Fascist station unnoticed.
Complete 'Frontline' level without killing anyone.
Save a group of 'Reds' from Fascist captivity.
Get 50 kills with Volt Driver.
Kill 10 enemies with throwing knives.
Kill 2 demons.
Find all Ranger stashes in Dead City 1 and 2
A coin for a hungry kid? Get a job.
Kill 5 amoebas.
Kill 5 enemies with a flamethrower.
Kill 30 enemies with the double-barreled shotgun.
Kill a librarian.
Explode 10 enemies.
Kill 20 lurkers.
Destroy fascists' Panzer.
Kill 30 enemies using revolvers.
Complete level 'Armory' without getting caught.
Blow up the tunnel and airlock at 'Cursed' station.
Complete levels 'Ghosts' and 'Anomaly' without dying.
Kill 30 nosalises.
On the level 'Hunter' kill the nosalises before they break through the ventilation grilles.
What doesn't kill you, makes you stronger.