Here is the full list of all 49 Metro 2033 Redux achievements. It takes around 25-30 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Complete the game in Spartan Mode.
Kill at least one enemy with each weapon available in the game
Make 30 deals in weapon shops.
Kill 30 human enemies in close combat.
Explode 30 enemies.
Kill 30 enemies with flame grenades.
Kill 30 enemies with throwing knives.
Knock 30 human enemies out in close combat.
Use a Medkit 75 times.
Kill 50 humans with pneumatic weapons.
Stealthily kill 15 Enemies.
Kill 100 enemies using revolvers.
On the level FRONTLINE kill all of the enemy Red Army and Fascist Soldiers.
Kill 15 human enemies with Headshots from at least 30 meters' distance.
Kill 30 human enemies with headshots.
Exchange 500 Military-Grade 5.45 rounds at Exchange kiosks.
Become a true ranger.
Find the truth.
Complete the game in Survival Mode.
Complete all 51 of Artyom's hidden Diary pages.
Kill 2 demons.
Kill 100 enemies with assault rifles.
Kill 5 amoebas.
Kill 10 Spiders.
Get 30 kills with Hellbreath.
Kill 30 enemies with a flamethrower.
Open 15 locked safe boxes.
Kill a librarian.
Kill 50 Watchmen.
Drink at every occasion.
Complete the level BLACK STATION without killing or knocking out any enemies.
Kill 100 Human Enemies.
On the level OUTPOST reach the radio tower and broadcast the commander's message.
Kill 20 lurkers.
Kill 100 enemies with shotguns.
Save 1000 military-grade rounds.
Kill 200 Mutants.
On the level DEPOT silently kill the first guard and break into the Fascist station unnoticed.
Complete FRONTLINE level without killing anyone.
Disarm 15 wire traps.
Save a group of Reds from Fascist captivity.
Blow up the tunnel and airlock at CURSED STATION.
Find all Ranger stashes in Dead City.
Spend 60 seconds in a Radiation Hotspot.
Wipe your Gas Mask 20 times.
Help the poor, a coin for the kid, medicine for the sick. You help everyone you see.
Kill 100 nosalises.
On the level HUNTER kill the nosalises before they break through the ventilation grilles.
Kill 10 Enemies in a row without taking any damage.