Here is the full list of all 49 Metro 2033 Redux achievements. It takes around 25-30 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Kill at least one enemy with each weapon available in the game
Knock 30 human enemies out in close combat.
Kill 30 human enemies in close combat.
Use a Medkit 75 times.
Open 15 locked safe boxes.
Drink at every occasion.
Kill 30 enemies with throwing knives.
Kill 30 enemies with flame grenades.
Exchange 500 Military-Grade 5.45 rounds at Exchange kiosks.
On the level HUNTER kill the nosalises before they break through the ventilation grilles.
Make 30 deals in weapon shops.
Complete all 51 of Artyom's hidden Diary pages.
Kill 30 enemies with a flamethrower.
Kill 2 demons.
Spend 60 seconds in a Radiation Hotspot.
On the level FRONTLINE kill all of the enemy Red Army and Fascist Soldiers.
Kill 100 enemies with shotguns.
Explode 30 enemies.
Kill 50 humans with pneumatic weapons.
Kill 100 enemies with assault rifles.
Kill 15 human enemies with Headshots from at least 30 meters' distance.
Find the truth.
Complete the game in Spartan Mode.
Kill 5 amoebas.
Kill 10 Spiders.
Complete the level BLACK STATION without killing or knocking out any enemies.
Complete FRONTLINE level without killing anyone.
Find all Ranger stashes in Dead City.
Become a true ranger.
Complete the game in Survival Mode.
Get 30 kills with Hellbreath.
Save 1000 military-grade rounds.
Kill 200 Mutants.
Kill 100 nosalises.
Kill a librarian.
Disarm 15 wire traps.
Kill 50 Watchmen.
On the level OUTPOST reach the radio tower and broadcast the commander's message.
Wipe your Gas Mask 20 times.
Kill 100 enemies using revolvers.
Kill 20 lurkers.
On the level DEPOT silently kill the first guard and break into the Fascist station unnoticed.
Kill 100 Human Enemies.
Stealthily kill 15 Enemies.
Save a group of Reds from Fascist captivity.
Kill 30 human enemies with headshots.
Blow up the tunnel and airlock at CURSED STATION.
Help the poor, a coin for the kid, medicine for the sick. You help everyone you see.
Kill 10 Enemies in a row without taking any damage.