Here is the full list of all 49 Metro 2033 Redux achievements. It takes around 25-30 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Kill 10 Spiders.
Complete the game in Survival Mode.
Kill at least one enemy with each weapon available in the game
Get 30 kills with Hellbreath.
Kill 100 enemies with shotguns.
Kill 100 enemies using revolvers.
Kill 100 enemies with assault rifles.
On the level FRONTLINE kill all of the enemy Red Army and Fascist Soldiers.
Kill 30 human enemies in close combat.
Kill 30 enemies with throwing knives.
Kill 30 enemies with flame grenades.
Kill 15 human enemies with Headshots from at least 30 meters' distance.
Explode 30 enemies.
Complete all 51 of Artyom's hidden Diary pages.
Become a true ranger.
Find the truth.
Complete the game in Spartan Mode.
Kill 50 Watchmen.
Kill 5 amoebas.
Kill 30 enemies with a flamethrower.
Kill 200 Mutants.
Open 15 locked safe boxes.
Kill 100 nosalises.
Use a Medkit 75 times.
Kill a librarian.
Drink at every occasion.
Complete the level BLACK STATION without killing or knocking out any enemies.
Exchange 500 Military-Grade 5.45 rounds at Exchange kiosks.
Kill 50 humans with pneumatic weapons.
On the level OUTPOST reach the radio tower and broadcast the commander's message.
Kill 30 human enemies with headshots.
Kill 100 Human Enemies.
Make 30 deals in weapon shops.
Kill 20 lurkers.
On the level DEPOT silently kill the first guard and break into the Fascist station unnoticed.
Complete FRONTLINE level without killing anyone.
Save 1000 military-grade rounds.
Knock 30 human enemies out in close combat.
Save a group of Reds from Fascist captivity.
Disarm 15 wire traps.
Blow up the tunnel and airlock at CURSED STATION.
Find all Ranger stashes in Dead City.
Kill 2 demons.
Spend 60 seconds in a Radiation Hotspot.
Stealthily kill 15 Enemies.
Help the poor, a coin for the kid, medicine for the sick. You help everyone you see.
On the level HUNTER kill the nosalises before they break through the ventilation grilles.
Kill 10 Enemies in a row without taking any damage.
Wipe your Gas Mask 20 times.