Here is the full list of all 102 Master of Orion achievements.
Turn 20 planets into Inferno
Win all victory types with the Meklar
Win all victory types with all races
Destroy 100 Planets
Win by Diplomatic Victory with Meklar
Win the game with all races at least once in Hard difficulty
Win all victory types with the Psilon
Win all victory types with the Human
Win all victory types with the Bulrathi
Win all victory types with the Alkari
Destroy 5000 ships
Win all victory types with the Klackon
Win by Economic Victory with Klackon
Break 150 pacts
Turn 20 planets into Cavernous
Turn 20 planets into Grassland
Win all victory types with the Silicoid
Win by Diplomatic Victory with Silicoid
Win all victory types with the Mrrshan
Play 10000 turns
Win all victory types with the Sakkra
Turn 20 planets into Tropical
Buy 1000 structures or ships
Get your capital planet blown up in a super nova
Win all victory types with the Darlok
Win by Military Victory with the Darlok
Destroy 20 planets with a Doomstar in a match
Use your Jump Gates 100 times during a match
Build 10 Asteroid mines inside your empire
Colonize a planet in each possible biome in a match
Colonize at least 5 Desert planets in a match
Colonize at least 5 Volcanic planets in a match
Win by Economic Victory with the Alkari
Convert 10 Asteroid Fields / Gas Giants into Inhabitable Planets
Ally with all Races
Win by Economic Victory with Humans
Win by Economic Victory with 80% or more of the outstanding GMF Shares.
Win the game without building a single military ship
Have 7 spies on 7 different races
Invade 100 planets
Win by Economic victory with Psilon
Win by all Victory types with any race
Win by Economic Victory for the first time
Have at least 1 colony on 20 different stars
Colonize at least 5 Oceanic planets in a match
Kill 5 spies
Spy on the Humans as a Psilon
Completely research the Tech Tree and win by Conquest
Destroy an opponent's Homeworld using the Doomstar
Win by Technological Victory with Mrrshan
Play 5000 turns
Eliminate the Alkari first while playing as Mrrshan
Win a match in less than 100 turns
Win by Conquest without losing a single colony
Win by Conquest Victory for the first time
Defeat Orion's Guardian before turn 150
Visit all systems in the galaxy during a match
Win a multiplayer match
Win by Technological Victory with the Bulrathi
Win by any victory with only 5 planets colonized including your homeworld
Win by Excellence Victory for the first time
Engage in combat using a fleet of 20 or more ships
Incite Revolt in 3 different opponents' colonies
Buy 30 ships in a match
Complete the entire tech tree for the first time
Successfully Incite Revolt on a Darlok Colony
Reach 15 Population Units before turn 35
Win by Technological Victory with Sakkra
Watch the credits in full
Win by Diplomatic Victory with Sakkra
Win by Diplomatic Victory for the first time
Deport 5 spies
Establish 100 colonies
Build 15 Jumpgates in a match
Eliminate all Space Monsters in a match
Spy on all races during a match
Use at least 15 Civilian Transports in a match
Win by Technological Victory for the first time
Discover 3 Anomalies and Bombard 2 Pirate bases in a match
Build 20 Ships before turn 100
Play 1000 turns
Block all warp points to your home planet before turn 20
Invade 10 colonies in a match
Have a fleet that costs more than 30 Command Points
Successfully gather information on 5 Colonies in a match via espionage
Have 2 planets fully populated
Develop a Colony that yields 20 Food Points per turn
Have a Colony yielding 70 Research Points
Colonize every planet in 5 systems
Declare War for the first time
Have a colony with at least 1 Population Unit of another race in a match
Build your first Spy Center
Research 8 Technologies before turn 50
Destroy 15 Pirate ships
Don’t have strikes in any of your colonies for 80 turns
Build 2 Marine Barracks
Successful trade with another Race for the first time
Colonize your first planet
Colonize the first planet your Colony Ship visits in a match
Command and win your first Tactical Battle
Rename 100 Blueprints
Scrap 600 Blueprints