Here is the full list of all 30 Light of Altair achievements.
Raise fleet level to Elite
Win all missions on Normal difficulty
Win all missions on Hard difficulty
90% of objectives complete
Build an Atmospheric Converter
Build a Hyperspace Gate Stabiliser
Upgrade a colony to a MegaCity
Raise fleet level to Deadly
80% of objectives complete
Build a Nuclear Reactor
70% of objectives complete
Build a Goods Factory
Raise fleet level to Dangerous
Build an Aeroponics Dome
60% of objectives complete
Build a Government Building
Upgrade a colony to a City
50% of objectives complete
40% of objectives complete
Raise fleet level to Veterans
20% of objectives complete
30% of objectives complete
Upgrade a colony to Tier 3
Raise fleet level to Hardened
Raise fleet level to Experienced
Upgrade a colony to Tier 2
10% of objectives complete
Found a new colony
Upgrade a colony to Tier 1
100% of objectives complete