Here is the full list of all 14 Caravanserail achievements.
Buy every type of goods
Survive a menace
Sell 5 items in one sale
Get 200 gold
Get 1000 gold
Get 2000 gold
Get 5000 gold
Fill your stock
Fill your stock with one type of good
Double your profit on a sale
Transform 10 units
Win a game
Buy 100 times under the market price
Sell 200 units