have 20% or more of the trade power in 7 different products excluding gold. This is easiest done if you focus on rare products coming with colonies, such as sugar, incense, tobacco, cotton, spices, tropical wood, ivory. Any colonial nations production and trade power will count towards this, and so would vassals and marches.
You increase Production and Trade power by developing the provinces with these resources, so build manufactory + counting house + stock exchange and then if needed University before you spend monarch point to improve the province production capability with diplomacy points.