Here is the full list of all 20 Poker Night at the Inventory achievements. It takes around 20-25 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Check a pat hand.
Knock out Strong Bad after he's bought in with his special item.
Knock out The Heavy after he's bought in with his special item.
Win 12 or more hands.
Win three straight pots.
Knock out Tycho after he's bought in with his special item.
Win a hand with a Straight.
Win a full game.
Win a hand with a 6 card and a 9 card of any suit.
Win a showdown where you and the opponent have same hand (pair or better) and you have a better kicker.
Knock out Max after he's bought in with his special item.
Win a pot with two or more opponents when you are all in.
Win a hand with a Full House.
Win a game on hard.
Win a hand with a Flush.
Win a showdown with just a high card.
Win consecutive all-ins.
Win a hand with a Straight Flush.
Win a hand with Four of a Kind.
Win a hand when you have three of a kind comprised of three kings (of any suit).