Here is the full list of all 48 Metro 2033 achievements. It takes around 20-25 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
There is no place in metro you did not visit
Kill at least one enemy with each weapon available in the game.
Found all gold ammo, hidden throughout the stations.
Kill 30 enemies with the double-barreled shotgun.
Complete the game in Ranger Mode Easy.
Complete the game in Ranger Mode Hardcore.
Explode 10 enemies.
Kill 15 enemies using sticky grenade.
A coin for a hungry kid? Get a job.
Save a group of 'Reds' from Fascist captivity.
On the level 'Frontline' kill all of the enemy Red Army and Fascist Soldiers.
Kill 30 enemies using pneumatic weapons.
Kill 30 humans with only pneumatic weapons.
Complete level 'Armory' without getting caught.
Kill 50 enemies with heavy automatic shotgun.
Kill 5 amoebas.
Kill 5 enemies with a flamethrower.
Get 25 kills with alternative fire of Volt Driver.
Kill a librarian.
Break the support and activate the chandelier in less than 20 seconds.
Complete the level 'Black Station' without killing any Fascist Soldiers.
Make 25 headshots.
On the level 'Outpost' reach the radio tower and broadcast the commander's message.
Disarm 10 wire traps.
Kill 50 mutants with your knife.
Kill 20 lurkers.
Kill 20 enemies with the knife.
Get 50 kills with Volt Driver.
On the level 'Depot' silently kill the first guard and break into the Fascist station unnoticed.
Destroy fascists' Panzer.
Kill 15 enemies using stationary machine gun.
Complete 'Frontline' level without killing anyone.
Make 10 deals in weapon shops.
Exchange 500 Military-Grade 5.45 rounds at Exchange kiosks.
Save 500 military-grade rounds.
Kill 30 enemies using revolvers.
Blow up the tunnel and airlock at 'Cursed' station.
Complete levels 'Ghosts' and 'Anomaly' without dying.
Kill 10 enemies with throwing knives.
Kill 2 demons.
Find all Ranger stashes in Dead City 1 and 2
Kill 30 nosalises.
Help the poor, a coin for the kid, medicine for the sick. You help everyone you see.
A true metro citizen. You know everyone and have seen everything.
On the level 'Hunter' kill the nosalises before they break through the ventilation grilles.
What doesn't kill you, makes you stronger.