Here is the full list of all 48 Metro 2033 achievements. It takes around 20-25 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Kill 5 enemies with a flamethrower.
Kill a librarian.
On the level 'Outpost' reach the radio tower and broadcast the commander's message.
Kill 2 demons.
Kill 20 lurkers.
Kill 30 humans with only pneumatic weapons.
Kill 30 enemies using pneumatic weapons.
On the level 'Depot' silently kill the first guard and break into the Fascist station unnoticed.
Destroy fascists' Panzer.
Kill 15 enemies using stationary machine gun.
Make 25 headshots.
Explode 10 enemies.
Disarm 10 wire traps.
Kill 50 mutants with your knife.
Kill 20 enemies with the knife.
Kill 50 enemies with heavy automatic shotgun.
Kill 15 enemies using sticky grenade.
Kill 10 enemies with throwing knives.
Found all gold ammo, hidden throughout the stations.
Exchange 500 Military-Grade 5.45 rounds at Exchange kiosks.
Save 500 military-grade rounds.
Make 10 deals in weapon shops.
Complete level 'Armory' without getting caught.
Blow up the tunnel and airlock at 'Cursed' station.
Complete levels 'Ghosts' and 'Anomaly' without dying.
Kill 30 enemies using revolvers.
Find all Ranger stashes in Dead City 1 and 2
Kill 30 nosalises.
Kill 30 enemies with the double-barreled shotgun.
Help the poor, a coin for the kid, medicine for the sick. You help everyone you see.
On the level 'Hunter' kill the nosalises before they break through the ventilation grilles.
A coin for a hungry kid? Get a job.
What doesn't kill you, makes you stronger.
On the level 'Frontline' kill all of the enemy Red Army and Fascist Soldiers.
Complete 'Frontline' level without killing anyone.
Complete the level 'Black Station' without killing any Fascist Soldiers.
Kill 5 amoebas.
Break the support and activate the chandelier in less than 20 seconds.
Save a group of 'Reds' from Fascist captivity.
There is no place in metro you did not visit
A true metro citizen. You know everyone and have seen everything.
Get 50 kills with Volt Driver.
Get 25 kills with alternative fire of Volt Driver.
Complete the game in Ranger Mode Easy.
Kill at least one enemy with each weapon available in the game.
Complete the game in Ranger Mode Hardcore.