Here is the full list of all 33 Transistor achievements. It takes around 15-20 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Upgrade a Function with a copy of itself.
Complete five encounters with five or more Limiters in use.
Inspect all completed Limiter Files.
Clear one of each Test.
Complete each Speed Test.
Unlock 32 MEM.
Achieve User Level 16.
Create a Function combination requiring 12 MEM.
Unlock every Process Limiter.
Deal at least 2048 damage in one Turn() in the Practice Test.
Inspect all completed Function Files.
Unlock every Transistor Function.
Complete the story.
Confront Royce beyond Cloudbank.
Complete each Stability Test.
Complete each Planning Test.
Inspect 10 completed Function Files.
Confront Grant and Asher at Bracket Towers.
Inspect five completed Function Files.
Confront the Spine at the Bracket Towers facade.
Achieve User Level 8.
Use 10 different OVC Terminals.
Deal at least 1024 damage in one Turn() in the Practice Test.
Complete five encounters with one or more Limiters in use.
Confront Sybil at the Empty Set.
Reach the Goldwalk District.
Complete each Performance Test.
Complete each Agency Test
Clear every Test.
Recurse through the story.
Complete five encounters with all 10 Limiters in use.
Unlock every Upgrade Slot and Passive Slot.
Achieve User Level 24.