Here is the full list of all 33 Transistor achievements. It takes around 15-20 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Recurse through the story.
Achieve User Level 24.
Clear every Test.
Complete each Agency Test
Complete each Performance Test.
Unlock every Upgrade Slot and Passive Slot.
Complete five encounters with all 10 Limiters in use.
Inspect all completed Limiter Files.
Clear one of each Test.
Complete each Speed Test.
Unlock 32 MEM.
Achieve User Level 16.
Upgrade a Function with a copy of itself.
Inspect all completed Function Files.
Unlock every Process Limiter.
Complete five encounters with five or more Limiters in use.
Complete each Planning Test.
Unlock every Transistor Function.
Complete the story.
Confront Royce beyond Cloudbank.
Complete each Stability Test.
Deal at least 1024 damage in one Turn() in the Practice Test.
Deal at least 2048 damage in one Turn() in the Practice Test.
Create a Function combination requiring 12 MEM.
Confront Grant and Asher at Bracket Towers.
Inspect 10 completed Function Files.
Confront the Spine at the Bracket Towers facade.
Achieve User Level 8.
Complete five encounters with one or more Limiters in use.
Use 10 different OVC Terminals.
Inspect five completed Function Files.
Confront Sybil at the Empty Set.
Reach the Goldwalk District.