Here is the full list of all 24 SteamWorld Dig achievements. It takes around 10-12 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Get all four gold stars in the same playthrough.
Complete the game in less than 2 hours, 30 minutes.
Dig out 15000 tiles.
Find all secret areas in the caves.
Complete the game without getting killed once.
Destroy a laser box.
Defeat 10 mecha trilobites before they wake up.
Crush 10 enemies with falling blocks.
Destroy two generators before entering Vectron.
Find and sell 8 Trashium ores at the same time.
Reach the bottom of the world.
Complete the game with more than 20000 gold collected in total.
Complete the game with more than 150 orbs collected in total.
Immortalization of a destructible steambot.
Maximize all upgrades.
Defeat 10 shiners before they wake up.
Defeat a turtle submerged in water.
Find and sell 16 Dark Matter ores at the same time.
You found Vectron!
Buy from all of Tumbleton's shops.
Find and sell 8 Uranium ores at the same time.
You found the Old World!
Defeat 10 trilobites before they wake up.
You found Archaea!