Here is the full list of all 48 Metro 2033 achievements. It takes around 20-25 hours to unlock all of the achievements on Windows.
Get 25 kills with alternative fire of Volt Driver.
Get 50 kills with Volt Driver.
On the level 'Frontline' kill all of the enemy Red Army and Fascist Soldiers.
Kill 30 enemies using pneumatic weapons.
Kill 30 humans with only pneumatic weapons.
Found all gold ammo, hidden throughout the stations.
Exchange 500 Military-Grade 5.45 rounds at Exchange kiosks.
Save 500 military-grade rounds.
Explode 10 enemies.
Kill 50 mutants with your knife.
Kill 20 enemies with the knife.
A coin for a hungry kid? Get a job.
Help the poor, a coin for the kid, medicine for the sick. You help everyone you see.
Complete the game in Ranger Mode Hardcore.
Kill 5 amoebas.
There is no place in metro you did not visit
Kill 5 enemies with a flamethrower.
A true metro citizen. You know everyone and have seen everything.
Kill 50 enemies with heavy automatic shotgun.
Kill a librarian.
On the level 'Outpost' reach the radio tower and broadcast the commander's message.
Kill 2 demons.
Make 10 deals in weapon shops.
Save a group of 'Reds' from Fascist captivity.
Make 25 headshots.
Find all Ranger stashes in Dead City 1 and 2
Kill 20 lurkers.
Disarm 10 wire traps.
Kill 30 enemies using revolvers.
Complete 'Frontline' level without killing anyone.
Complete levels 'Ghosts' and 'Anomaly' without dying.
On the level 'Depot' silently kill the first guard and break into the Fascist station unnoticed.
Destroy fascists' Panzer.
Complete level 'Armory' without getting caught.
Blow up the tunnel and airlock at 'Cursed' station.
Kill 10 enemies with throwing knives.
Kill 30 enemies with the double-barreled shotgun.
On the level 'Hunter' kill the nosalises before they break through the ventilation grilles.
Kill 30 nosalises.
What doesn't kill you, makes you stronger.
Kill 15 enemies using stationary machine gun.
Complete the level 'Black Station' without killing any Fascist Soldiers.
Break the support and activate the chandelier in less than 20 seconds.
Kill 15 enemies using sticky grenade.
Complete the game in Ranger Mode Easy.
Kill at least one enemy with each weapon available in the game.